Safety valves are essential components in thermal-hydraulics systems, serving as fail-safe mechanisms. A prominent example is the pressure relief valve (PRV), which automatically releases substances from boilers, pressure vessels, or other systems when the pressure or temperature exceeds predetermined limits. Pilot-operated relief valves are a specialized type of pressure safety valve.
The need for safety valves arose during the Industrial Revolution, when early steam boilers lacking such devices were susceptible to explosive failures. The development of safety valves helped address this critical safety concern in industrial facilities.